Assessment of child-parent dyads’ health-related quality of life in learning disorder care: a cross-sectional study in eastern China

Learning difficulties, often stemming from neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning disabilities (LD), and intellectual disabilities (ID), profoundly impact children’s academic performance and family well-being, particularly in highly competitive societies like China. Therefore, we aimed to compare multidimensional health-related quality of life (HRQoL; physical, emotional, social, school functioning) of children across four learning difficulty diagnostic subgroups (ADHD-only, LD-only, ID-only, ADHD + LD); as well as the HRQoL of their caregivers.